Turbine.



E. ANDERSON.

TURBINE.

. APPLICATION FILED JAN. 5. 1912. 1,088,761. 7 Patented Mar. 3, 19m

3 SHEEN-8113M 1.

WITNESSES: 1 INVENTOR ATTORNEY E. ANDERSON.

TURBINE.

APPLIOATION FILED JAN. 6, 1912.'

Patented Mar. 3, 1914.

8 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

Q S S WITNESSES:

INVENTOR E. ANDERSON.

TURBINE.

APPLICIATION FILED JAN. 5, 1912.

Patented Mar. 3, 1914.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 8.

INVENTOR ATTOR N EY WITNESSES:

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

EMIL ANDERSON, OF NEW YORK, Y., ASSIGNOR TO ANDERSON GAS TURBINE COMPANY, OF NEWARK, NEW JERSEY. A CORPORATION OF NEW JERSEY.

TURBINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

a turbine which is adapted to be drivenby gases or other vapors or steam, and to 1mprove the general construction and mode of operation of this type of turbine.

I will describe my inventlon in the following specification and point out the novel features thereof in the appended claims.

In the accompanying drawings Figure 1 IS a sectional plan view taken on the line 1-1 in Fig. 2. Fig. 2 is a multiple sectional elevation, the lower portion being taken on the line 2 -2 in Fig. 1, and the upper portion being takenv on the line 2"- b in the same figure. Fig. 3 is a horizontal section taken on the line 33 in Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a vertical section on an enlarged scale taken on the line 44 in Fig. 1., Fi 5 is a fragmentary side elevation. Fig. 6 1s a fragmentary end elevation of the bafiies or reaction plates between which the motive fluid passes. Fig. 7 is an end view of a detail of the mechanism, this figure showing an eccentric cam for controlling one of the valves.

As illustrated in the drawing, theturbine comprises a stationary casing 10 having a cylindrical chamber 12 in its upper portion which constitutesthe cylinder of the turbine and contains the rotor. The cylinder 12 is provided with a plurality of inlet ports or nozzles 14, three in the present instance being shown, and with a corresponding number of exhaust ports or passages 16, said inlet and exhaust ports being disposed symmetrically about the periphery of said cylinder.

Mounted to extend within the cylinder 12 is a reservoir 20 adapted to contain water, said reservoir being provided with an annular flange 21 which is held in place by screws 22, said flange being slotted to allow a relative rotation of the reservoir 20 with respect to the cylinder 12. A handle 22 is provided as shown to iacilitate this adjustment of the parts. The reservoir 20 is provided with Patented Mar. 3, 1914.

Application filed January 5, 1912. Serial No. 669,690.

three dischar e ports 23 which communicate with an aunu ar series of passages or nozzles 24 formed in an annular flange 25 on the rotor 26. The passages 24 converge from the inner periphery of the flange 25 toward its outer periphery, one vertical wall of each passage being formed with an obtuse angle 27, so that when the fluid from the reservoir 20 is discharged from said passages it spreads out as indicated in dotted linesin Fig. 1, so that the liquid injected across the path of the motive fluid, forms an abutment for said fluid. r

The rotor 26 is provided with a plurality of annular divergently corrugated sheet metal disks 30, 31, 32, secured at their inner peripheries in the flange 25. These c0rru gated strips are separated a slight distance and the spaces between them are in communication with the passages or nozzles 24. Said corrugated rings form reaction surfaces for the motive fluid which is supplied through the nozzles 14, and is introduced at the peripheries of disks into the spaces between them. The reservoir 20 is made rotatable relatively to the cylinder 12 to a limited degree so that the positions of the discharge ports 23 can be varied with relation to the nozzles 14 and to the exhaust ports 16, to change the direction of the discharge of water from said ports.

The motive fluid is produced in generators 40 of generally dome shape and surrounded by a jacket 41. The combustible is supplied under pressure to the generator from a receiver 42, to be hereinafter described. The combustible is fed from the receiver 42 through a pipe 43 provided with fire screens 44, said pipe being provided with a valve 45 which controls its communication with the interior of the generator 40. This valve is provided with a stem 46 which is surrounded by a light spring 47 tending normally to hold the valve closed. Mounted to reciprocate in the generator 40 is a shaft 48 guided at one end in a bracket arm 49 on the wall of a cylindrical recess 50 in the generator wall, theothcr end of said shaft being guided in a bar 51 mounted on the interior of said generator. The shaft 48 is provided at one end with a valve 52 which controls the inlet to the nozzle 14. Intermediate the length of the shaft 48 are two collars 58, between which one end of a bell crank lever 54 is held, said bell-crank lever being fulcrumed at 55 in -a lug 50 projecting from the wall of the chamber 40, and

.the lower end of said bell-crank leveris arranged to engage the upper surface of the valve 45 to hold the latter closed. when the surrounds the shaft 48, hearing at one end against the bracket arm 49 and at its opposite end against a collar 61 on the shaft.

This spring normally tends to hold the valve 1 52 against its seat until overcome by the pressure within the generator against the piston 57. The left-hand end of the shaft 48 is arranged to engage a contact 62 and force it against a contact 63, said contacts being insulated from each other and supported on the end of the bracket 49. The contacts 62 and 63 are connected in the circuit 64 of a spark plug 65 which is arranged to ignite charges in the, generator 40, an induction coil of usual construction is used in this circuit.

The operation of the generator is as follows: The carbureted. hydro-carbon is supplied under pressure through the pipe 43 to lift the valve 45 from its seat against the tension of the spring 47. Whenthe pressure inthe generator is sufficient, the piston 57 is movedtoward the left, thereby bringing the bell crank 54 into engagement with the valve 45 to close the latter and hold it closed; at the same time the valve 52 is moved from its seat and the circuitclosed at the contacts 62, G3 to cause the spark plug to ignite the contents of'the generator chamber. This movement of the piston 57 closes the outlet of valve 59 and creates a pressure back of the piston which causes a small amount of the liquid from jacket'41 to be sprayed into the generator 40 through'the small grooves 58. This liquid may be'water which will be instantly expanded. into steam by the heat generated within the chamber 40 and will pass with the products of combustion throughthe nozzle 14 into the cylinder 12 of the turbine. Or this liquid may be a hydrocarbon or'other substance of like character which will enrich the explosive mixture already within the generator chamber. Or if a combustible liquid is used, air only may be admitted to the generator chamber through valve 45, in which case the explosive mixture is formed within the generator chamber itself. 1 v The eccentrically mounted cam 66 is provided for the purpose of regulating the amount of lift ofthe valve 45 or of holding which is connected by a wire 68 with a hand lever 69. This lever is also connected with the stem 48,0n which are the valve 52 and the piston 57. Thisarrangement is provided for the purpose of starting the apparatus, for by rocking the lever 69 the valve 45 may be opened and closed and the F valve 52 and piston 57 reciprocated and the circuit to spark plug 65 closed and opened.

The rotor 20 is aflixed to a hollow verti-' cal shaft 70 which is journaled at its upper and lower ends in bearings 71. and 72, respectively. Aifixed to the shaft 70 within the lower portion of the casing 10 is an impeller 74 having a series of curved vanes or blades which operate to force the liquid in the casing 10 downward, said liquid entering the lower end of the shaft 70, and emerging through ports 75 in the upper end there of and entering the reservoir 20 under pres sure.

The shaft 70 is provided with a worm 70 which meshes with a Worm wheeli7 8 loosely splined on a horizontal shaft 80. The shaft is adapted to slide through the wheel 78, the latter being held against endwise movement by guides 81 projecting from the casing 10. Mounted on one end of the shaft 80 is a propeller 82, and on the other end is a piston 84 slidable within a cylinder 85, said shaft being rotatable with respect to said piston. The cylinder 85 is provided with an inlet port 86 controlled by a spring pressed valve 87, and with a discharge port 88 controlled by a spring pressed valve 89. The inlet port 86 communicates with a pipe 90 through which either air or a combustible charge is drawn, and the discharge port 88 communicates with a pipe 92 connected to the receiver 42.

Afiixed'to the shaft 80 is a worm 94 which meshes with a worm wheel 96 on a shaft 97. Mounted to rotate with the shaft 97 is aistar wheel 98, the fingers of whichare adapted to engage the upper end of a tripping arm or lever 100 fulcrumed on a shaft 101 which is slidable in a slot 102. The arm 100 is provided with a pair of lugs 103, 104, which straddle the shaft 80 in the path of travel of the worm 94. A spring 105 normally holds the arm 100 in engagement with a lug 106 on a bar 108 mounted on the shaft 101. The bar 108 is provided with. a reduced end 107 which is slidable in a lug 109 projecting upwardly from the bottom of the casing 10. The bar 108 is slidable by means of a finger 110 on a shaft 112, said finger engaging pins 114 on said bar. A hand wheel 116 is provided on said shaft outside of the casing, whereby the latter may be rotated to vary the position of the lug 106 and the fulcrum- 101. The lever 100, as will be pointed out is provided to coact with other parts for the purpose of causing a reciprocatory movementof the shaft 80, and this adjustment of the arm 108 will vary the length of this reciprocatory movement. The wheel 116 is provided with peripheral notches 11S adapted to receive a locking tingcr 120 projecting from the side of the easing 10, whereby the hand wheel may be locked against rotation.

' hen the shaft rotates, the worm 7G meshing with the worm wheel 78 causes the propeller shaft 80 to rotate. The star wheel 98 being in engagement with the lever 100 is prevented from rotating and with it the worm wheel 96 is held stationary. The rotation of. the propeller shaft 80 and the'engagement of the worm 91 with the wheel 96 cause the propeller shaft to be moved longitudinally toward the right until the lugs 103, 104 are engaged by the end of the worm 94 and move the arm 100 to cause it to disengage the star wheel, whereupon the end thrust of the propeller causes the shaft to be pushed back toward the left thereby; ro-

tating the gear 96 and forcing the piston 84: into cylinder 85 to compressthe charge in the cylinder and force it through the port 88 and pipe 92 to the receiver 42. This movement will allow lever 100 to move back under the action of its spring 105 into the path of movement of the starnvhecl 08 so that as soon as the next arm of the latter reaches the end of lever 100, the rotation of the gear 96 will be arrested and the shaft 80 will move again to the right. This movement will cause the piston 84 to draw a new change of vapor into cylinder 85. Thelowcr portion of the casing 10 may be provided with a vent or relief valve 130 to allow water to escape from the casing when it becomes too full or the pressure too great. The water is cooled by passing through a radiating coil 132 which communicates at its lower end with the bottom of the casing 10, and at. its upper end with the bottom of the cylinder 12, said pipe being provided with cooling fins 134.

The impelling fluid whether it be hot gases produced as described herein. or steam, entering the passages between the rotor disks, will rotate them and the shaft 70 It may now be seen that the water entering these same passages will coact with the motive fluid to form a liquid abutment for them and to also cool them. The spent gases will then escap through the exhaust passages and the 'pipes leading from them and the water will be circulated again by the impeller.

It is also to be noted that as the rotor is mounted on a vertical shaft and is designed to be run at a high speed it has a gyroscop- 1 ingeffect which is particularly advantageous for certain uses to which this turbine is adaptable, such for example if it is to be transversely with respect to the-path of said so motive fluid.

A turbine engine comprising a rotary series of corrugated blades. means for supplying a motive fluid between said blades in a generally tangential direction, and means 85 for spraying a liquid between said blades transversely with respect to the path of said motive fluid.

l. turbine engine comprising a rotary series of members having reaction surfaces, 1

means for supplying hot gases under pressure between said surfaces, and means for supplying cooling water between said surfaces.

A turbine engine comprising a rotary series of corrugated blades, means for supplying hot gases under pressure between said blades. and means for spraying cooling water between said blades in a direction transverse to the path of said gases.

6. A turbine comprising a rotary series of members having reaction surfaces, fixed noz zles for supplying a motive fluid under pressure between said surfaces, and water intakes adjustable relatively to said fixed nozzles.

7; A turbine comprising a rotary series of members having reaction surfaces, means for supplying a motive fluid under pressure between said surfaces, a casing arranged to 11 contain cooling water, circulating means for the water, and means communicating with the interior of said casing for spraying the water between said reaction surfaces.

8. A turbine comprising a rotary series of corrugated blades, means for supplying a motive fluid to said blades, a chamber containing a liquid. a reservoir above said chamher, an impeller arranged to force saidliquid from said chamber to said reservoir, and means for discharging said liquid from said reservoir transversely of the path of travel of said motive fluid.

9. A turbine comprising a casing arranged to contain water. a hollow shaft mounted to rotate within said casing and communicating therewith, a series of corrugated blades mounted on said shaft, a reservoir, an impeller carried by said shaft and arranged to force the liquid from the chamber through 50 a heavier fluid between said surfaces transsaid shaft into said reservoir, means for dis- I verselywith respect to the path of said mo- 10 charging the liquid from said reservoir befive fluid, and means'for varying the directween said blades, and means for supplying tion of the sprays ofsaid heavier fluid.

a motive fluid to said blades. In Witness whereof, I have hereunto set 10. A turbine comprising a rotary series my hand this 29th day of December 1911.

of members having reaction surfaces, means EMIL ANDERSON.

for supplying a motive fluid under pressure between said surfaces, means for spraying,

Witnesses:

F, GRAVES, L. H. CAMPBELL, Jr. 

